Which of the following statements aligns with biosocial theory?

• A. Both biology and environment contribute to behavior.
• B. Only biology matters.
• C. Only environment matters.
• D. Behavior is completely random.

Answer: (A)

Biopsychosocial theory holds that behavior comes from the dynamic interaction of biological factors and social-environmental influences. Biological factors—such as genetics, brain chemistry, and hormones—shape underlying tendencies, while environmental factors—like family, culture, learning experiences, and social context—shape how those tendencies are expressed. The key idea is that biology and environment do not act in isolation; they influence each other. For instance, a genetic predisposition toward risk-taking can be mitigated or amplified by the quality of one’s environment, learning experiences, and social support. Because of this interdependence, the statement that both biology and environment contribute to behavior best fits biosocial theory. The other options either reduce to biology alone, environment alone, or suggest randomness, none of which align with this interactive perspective.