Tracey Laszloffy's Systemic Family Development Model includes which statement as NOT a feature?

• A. It addresses the assumption of universality and single generational focus in family development theory.
• B. It describes the family as a layer cake, with each layer representing a generation.
• C. It recognizes that while there is variability in timing and stressors, all families encounter them and need to change and adapt.
• D. It asserts that only intact families experience development tasks.

Answer: (D)

This item tests an inclusive, multi-generational view of family development. Laszloffy’s model treats development tasks as universal experiences that all families face across generations, even though the timing and stressors can vary. The layer cake metaphor illustrates how generations interact and influence development, emphasizing that each generation contributes to the ongoing process of adaptation. It also makes clear that families differ in structure and circumstances, but the need to change and adapt is not limited to any single type of family.

That’s why the statement about only intact families experiencing development tasks is not a feature. The model explicitly applies to all family forms, not just those that are intact.