Biosocial theory is best described as which type of explanation?

• A. Monistic biological determinism.
• B. Social construction only.
• C. Interactionist approach combining biology and environment.
• D. Psychoanalytic drive theory.

Answer: (C)

The main idea here is that biosocial theory explains behavior as the result of an ongoing interplay between biology and the environment. Biological factors like genetics, brain development, and hormones set up tendencies or susceptibilities, but how those tendencies express themselves depends on the surrounding environment—family, culture, stress, nutrition, experiences, and learning. Because biology and environment continually influence one another, this is an interactionist view: neither biology nor environment alone fully accounts for behavior.

This approach isn’t claiming biology determines everything, as a purely biological determinism would. It also isn’t saying behavior is shaped only by social meaning or norms, which would be a social construction view. And it doesn’t focus on unconscious drives as psychoanalytic theory does. Biosocial theory centers on the dynamic combination of biological factors and environmental context.